âBut what about the early stages of recognizing that these principles exist in the world, in and out of view, like a latticed network? Bronson Smillie seems to enact this in his solo exhibition Almost Begin: the stage where crude, exploratory creation and the imminent graduation into a more developed thinking meet and grapple with one another. The verb âenactâ is key here, as he possesses an aptitude for refinement and the decipherment of nuance, which makes what appears naive in his work a deliberate choice. The child-like objects and motifsâletter blocks, encyclopedias âde la jeunesseâ, line drawings of a houseâare present to convey a mind in the midst of crucial development, like a kid on the brink of adulthood. But the movement towards greater thinking is the main point. The works suggest they are the products of a young, forming mind actively parsing and processing the underlying abstract concepts that make up what we sense and know. The books, for instance, are methodically combined to form modular grids or a straight, curving line, all laden with the geometric: right, scalene and obtuse triangles, the occasional tiny cylinder. The phrase âTroubles Makingâ, spelt out of blocks, repeats each letter like the recognition of what constitutes rhythm; the build up of one note moving into another, resulting in the kind of change that creates meaning (a word, a song). The drawings, with their snaking curves, adjacent dots, and evocative symbols, suggest something musical, traveling on the page like the stops and starts of a dance. And note the phrases made of address book letters on the sideâMy First Low, Best Flop, Act Belowâdiminutive, like a whispered vocalization. âPeinture-poesieâ, or painting-poetry, was the nomenclature Joan MirĂł used for his âdreamâ paintings of 1924-27, works that contained a sparse scattering of abstract symbols and the occasional word or phrase; Bronsonâs drawings share this evocation. They also evoke poetry written in more complex forms, like the villanelle or sestina, which find meaning and flow even as language is constrained by the austerity of a certain formality. These last few points have less to do with enactment than with evidence of Bronsonâs artistic maturity, of his ability to perform something that he has already transcended with the subtle tenderness typical of his work. If things are becoming more raw, more simplified, itâs more a gesture of moving backward towards a less cluttered (and ideally purer) state; and moving backward can happen at the same time as moving forward.â
âThis not-done-ness, paired with the paintingsâ visual parallels to both colourfield and graffiti-marked walls, made me recall The Subconscious Art of Graffiti Removal (2001), a semi-ironic documentary on the inadvertent artistic genius of graffiti removers. The narrator notes that the âgraffiti removers [âŠ] do not set out to create public art, but rather to uphold anti-graffiti laws and deter civil disobedience.â The results are nonetheless evocative of modern painting movements like abstract expressionism, suprematism, and even colourfield. While the film makes this observation both sincerely and in jest, I appreciated the suggestion that those who destroy works of graffiti (or do a lawful service, depending on whoâs talking) are unconsciously creating something beautiful, even sublime, through their state-funded acts of counter-defacement. The narrator also posits that the artistry of these graffiti removals is a result of ârepressed artistic desire.â This could be the case, but it mostly made me think about the inviolable power of desire, and how it can exist even when its subject seems impossible to attain. Some writers have argued, for example, that Jenine Marshâs art implies a certain hope for a different, better world, but I donât know if thatâs explicitly true. What it does contain is the necessary spirit of a desire free from the expectation of fulfilment.â
âKroll thus avoids what poet and writer John Ashbery describes as the âhorrorâ of the artist who âtreats art as though it were raw material for a factory that produces a commodity called understanding.â Ashberyâs point, besides criticizing art too shallow to require any searching, is that this âcommodityâ (or lone idea, in this context) is merely a fragment of the whole: it may lead to what ostensibly could be understanding, but is actually just a narrow scope of a wider purview. Some art that takes time to discern isnât necessarily abstruse either, since the protracted awareness comes from how much the work holdsâthe âreality of the ensemble,â as Ashbery calls itâand how small our assumed knowledge is in the face of so much. Krollâs work, intrinsically equivocal, supports what I believe to be an argument for confusion, even frustration, when interacting with certain art, which exposes our cognitive limitations. Implicit is a request for rumination and humility.â
Iâve been reading a book about Philip Guston lately. I like finding out when great artists are riveted, almost to the point of worry, by other artists. For Guston, it was Rembrandt. His later period in particular: this is when the Dutch painter saw contours as optional, sometimes completely forgoing the edges that distinguished subject from space. There was something about this that made Guston feel Rembrandtâs portraits were ânot a painting, but a real personâ, as they had the rare ability to bypass what Guston called âthe plane of artâ. Rembrandt did this with subtlety and grace. To me, Max Keeneâs work achieves something similar. But what it gives way to is not something material, like a person, but more vague and abstract: the deportment of memory.
The paintings in Back of House contain skilful renderings of figurative forms: a shoe print, ancient statues, wrenches, bota bags, a running figure, to name a few. Itâs a playful range that seems more like a random selection from the mindâs archive of encountered images: an ordinary object, a moment in time. But what transcends Gustonâs âplane of artâ has more to do with Keeneâs style, which seems to want to capture the nature of the unconscious realm itself: a single dilating room where images flow into and against one another. Keeneâs chosen tool, the airbrush, is a helpful assist: its hazy articulation of forms, in subdued and feathery palettes, fade from one to the next without any convincing edge. Though figures are identifiable, the paintings feel closer to abstract, as the forms, like memories, are layered or as one with each other or the space around them. Some artists that include the unconscious in their work may tend toward the provocative or even absurd. Keeneâs paintings are more a quiet offering of memoryâs odd conflations, and a modest pictorial attempt at both gathering and parsing these elements while respecting the irreducible nature of unconsciousness. Like Rembrandt, Keene channels subtlety and grace.
Back to Philip Guston. He also believed that âfrustration is one of the great things in artâ, while âsatisfaction is nothingâ. Keeneâs work may challenge the reasoned mind, which prefers its edges defined. But unlike art that satisfies, âto our increasing boredomâ (Guston), another kind of artâelusive yet pervasive, vague yet sensicalâis what actually lingers, because it cannot be pinned down. Its polyvalence keeps it in a state of becoming. Keene himself told me: âThe confusing elements are necessary; it has to be that way to get the feeling.â He was talking about his work, but the same could be said about memory. What resists explanation nevertheless gives rise to affect: both art, and memoryâs, intended audience.
In his show “Tempo 85” (2022) at Montreal’s Espace Maurice, Bronson Smillie takes apart a player piano, forming evocative new assemblages with its repurposed parts and accessories. In Roll Rubbing #1–4 (these—and all—works 2022), wooden piano keys become shelves for embossed photo mounts; in The Skeleton, more piano keys and washers form a sculptural collage on a wall-resting keybed; and for Keys, piano roll boxes are mounted, player height, in the shape of its title. What’s significant is that Smillie’s artistic intervention keeps the referent instrument intact, a gesture that signifies an observable reverence for the object’s previous life. When he does intervene, traces of his own oeuvre naturally appear: the use of paper pulp and repetition as an extension of his printmaking background; era-specific objects, like photo mounts and a wooden letterpress, that have lost functional relevance but still possess aesthetic merit. Where he appears, so does his signature touch—one that is considerate and tender. Considerate in how traces of previous owners, their marks and notations, are left on scrolls or boxes. And tender like his intervention, which is less a dismantling than a delicate adjustment.
Smillie’s consideration for the objects makes me want to exchange the word repurposing for translation, after Walter Benjamin. In “The Task of the Translator,” Benjamin explains that translation “does not cover the original, does not block its light, but allows the pure language […] to shine upon the original all the more fully.” This is Smillie’s work described: he translates the objects he finds into art, all the while preserving their history. Translation also offers the original a new life again, or rather—à la Benjamin—an “afterlife,” which is to say, a continued life. In “Tempo 85,” Smillie asks his viewers to give these objects, like he has, a second chance; he succeeds.
“For a mystic, the inner world is a weather that contains the universe and uses it as symbolic language.” The artist, kin to mystic, has a similar relationship to their inner world, using the universe behind the veil to develop their own visual vernacular. For the artist Camille Jodoin-Eng, the terrain of that world, of its feelings and curiosities, is the basis for her growing group of invented symbols. She dips into that world’s depths and out of intuition they emerge: some as simple as an oval or curved line; others, like the papier-mâché pieces on view at Convergence at the Frog Pond, more elaborate. There are experiences that inspire her works—water moving over rocks in a small creek, flocks of birds undulating in the sky, a friend putting on their makeup—but these exist more like spiritual references for the abstract forms they’re related to. Her symbols, born from a wordless place, are a mystery even to Jodoin-Eng, and she invites others’ interpretations. I think of what 13th century poet Rumi once wrote: “If the nut of the mystery can’t be held, at least let me touch the shell.” If the nut of the mystery can’t be held, then at least we all can describe, in our own language, the way the shell feels pressed against our skin. We can also of course speculate what exists beyond. Sharing our respective descriptions and guesses—honouring the multivalence—can lead to the tremendous widening of our inner worlds. For Jodoin-Eng, part of her practice is contemplating the mystery together.
Convergence at the Frog Pond is also inspired by quiet pockets we may find in a forest while on long hikes. It’s difficult in present times, though, to find a spot in nature free from the mark of heedless people—think of the litter often found peppered through fields of perky or flattened grass. I imagine Jodoin-Eng discovering a clearing within the forest, the vestiges of human presence strewn about, and going beyond removal: instead, guided not only by care but creativity, she gathers whatever discarded object— plastic bottles, electrical wiring, industrial spools—and finds a place for them in her art, the lilypad sculpture in Convergence an evocative example. I think of magpies, or bower birds, who cumulate objects made by nature or man to fashion something sublime. What Jodoin-Eng’s art does—and invites her viewers to do—is try, despite pain and destruction, to never forgo the creative impulse. We need it in order to survive.
Exhibition text for “Convergence at the Frog Pond” at Patel Brown (Toronto), 2022
Behind what I can’t Bring into focus is Maybe you or A small truth I’m Finding in Certain places like The blindspot In a rearview mirror or The light on in Another room I guess I am the fool I guess I am the soupy wings of A butterfly forming It’s nice this heightened Vulnerability and that I need it to transform I am sleeping Without dreaming I am failing towards Something big Still space Between us No longer being like
Is it time To peel it open I love to not know and Get the deep kick that Makes me cry or Write something down It keeps happening I praise the image forming And loving blindness Exploding behind the veil Like taking care And saying thanks Before I leave For good
Poem in response to “Unfoldings” at April April (New York), 2022
The title of The Cruise (1998) has a twofold meaning. It alludes to the sightseeing tours Timothy “Speed” Levitch, the film’s central subject, gives on New York City’s double-decker buses, tours that garnered a cult following in the late ‘90s. It’s also a reference to Levitch’s self-created doctrine: to “cruise” is to live nomadically, loyal to the present moment, and in dissent of the thraldom of conformity.
Directed by Bennett Miller and skillfully edited by Michael Levine, The Cruise is a strong piece of nonfiction portraiture, a depiction of a man in a wearing search for meaning. Footage was filmed twice—the first summer with a crew, the second, in the wake of DV cameras advent, just Miller—but only the second iteration was used, where Levitch, experiencing “self-consciousness fatigue”, let his performative guard down. The result is an honest portrayal of common artistic struggle, oscillating from scenes of Levitch’s brilliant, trenchant monologues in front of tourists or the camera, to others that are all too familiar: banal and bureaucratic encounters that curb the potential of Levitch’s existence. He refers to this as the “anti-cruise”, and the film offers examples: meagre pay and hours at work, his conservative family’s expectations, and a brief spell of incarceration.
“Anti-cruise” is essentially anti-change, whereas to “cruise” is to believe in and strive for a better world. He knows that cruising entails failing repeatedly, but it also means living a life motivated by adventure and love. Levitch is aware, for instance, that the pursuit of individuality, at the crux of cruising, is a delusion, but that doesn’t mean it’s not worth the effort. “Biologically, we have the same infrastructure as plants,” he says. “[But] I want to be the flower that smells most profusely, that veers most drastically towards the sunlight.”
Review of Bennett Miller’s film “The Cruise” (1998) for In The Mood magazine, 2022
Combining documentary, narrative fiction, critical essay, and poetry, Level Five (1996) is one of Chris Marker’s many ingenious anomalies. The film follows Laura, a newly widowed computer programmer, as she completes her late husband’s unfinished video game, a task she herself has chosen to take on. Like mourning, it is an enterprise, though a more concrete one. Laura’s grief is an influence but not a detainer: it affects but does not stop her thinking. She adds new truths next to old ones. Time, she declares, is an invisible insect that chronically stings whoever lives. But those stings are not just the pain or nuisance that commonly defines them; they’re also reminders of her humanity. Time is life’s permanent tenor, steadfast and impartial, and there is no stopping it. Not like she is trying to fight it: resignation and curiosity are her framework, and she engages each ache under no illusions. Different interpretations get sowed in the same dirt where others have already been buried. The dead repose beside—and inside—the living. The connotations of this are Laura’s main consideration; or, more precisely, they are Marker’s, who knows the past is veined through each person like a network, too bound up to be undone or circumvented.
A probe of time’s influence on memory and affect, both personally and culturally, is signature Chris Marker, the fulcrum of all his films. So, too, is his inimitable form of expression: enigmatic, fragmentary, and tongue-in-cheek. For Marker, there are no answers, only what patterns can be made from connecting loose ends. In Level Five, he assembles a bricolage of his favoured subjects—Japanese culture, the burgeoning of technology, a world after War—as the foundation from which to explore the never ending question of Time. Typical of Marker too is inventing characters to make his inquiries for him, knowing that fiction can push back on the borders that close in on storytelling when one has to remain faithful to the facts. Not like a common veracity would likely interest Marker anyway, as history is largely an art that strives for perfect truth in the face of great bias. No; Marker’s “gentle mission,” like that of Roland Barthes (as Wayne Kostenbaum writes in the introduction to A Lover’s Discourse) is “to rescue nuance.” For Marker, it has always been about the overlooked, the details that evade the wide angled view: that which pricks, like Barthes’ punctum, or the things that, as underscored in Sans Soleil (1983), quicken Shōnagan’s heart. With fiction, characters that act as proxy for Marker can hone in on elaborate states of feeling—or the nuanced—without eclipsing what is objectively factual. (In his more documentarian films like Grin Without A Cat, nuance is the overlooked subjects he interviews. He often aimed, as he states in a mid-aughts interview, “[t]o try to give the power of speech to the people who don’t have it,” to those who had “no tools to be heard,” and to those neglected by a sole, autocratic narrative.) Marker, like Barthes, wants “an armistice with perception’s systemic injuries” (Koestenbaum): to be free to adapt and dilate that perception. It’s about discovering other worlds while remaining in this one. “Okay, it’s fiction,” Veronique says at the end of fellow New Waver Jean-Luc Godard’s La Chinoise (1967), “but it brings me closer to reality.”
In Level Five Marker invents Laura, played by French actress Catherine Belkhodja. We meet her via the diaristic videos she records while working on the game, all of them a one-sided communion with her dead husband whose name we never learn. Despite the intimacy this implies, we are not alienated as viewers. The videos are mostly philosophical and poetic musings, an out-loud processing, that help her reckon with the labyrinthine game he’s left her, the one she alone strives to complete. This strategy-based game, which is also never named, concerns the small Japanese island of Okinawa during the Second World War, and its goal is to offer its players alternative outcomes to the tragic events that unfolded. The real Okinawa was, at the point of Marker’s filming, still embalmed by the brutal trauma of WWII: over the Spring of 1945 the so-called Battle of Okinawa ensued, killing nearly half of Okinawa’s civilian population, with many of the deaths a result of suicide and ritual killings induced by Japanese propaganda. Japan may have moved on by the time of the film’s creation in 1997, bolstered by the country’s obsession with rapidly modernising itself, but to Okinawa’s survivors it remained a lacuna, unaddressed. (“[But] that’s how history advances,” Marker tells us in Sans Soleil, “plugging its memory as one plugs one’s ears.”) There are ways in which this can be rectified, but Marker is more interested in how this institutes a hauntology: the past may be omitted while creating a new future, but it is never absent. As the film moves from footage on Okinawa to Laura in the workroom and back, we see the differences in how this manifests: while Japan will not acknowledge the elephant that haunts its room, Laura holds each fact’s gaze—her husband is dead, her memory of him is fading—even in her desire to turn away. One painfully represses; the other painfully integrates. Only one of these pains has integrity.
Eventually Laura stops working on the game. It’s unclear what stage her grief is at when she does, but there are many indications of the experience having granted her perspectives that will aid her in coming to terms. “I can recognise myself in that little island because my most unique, my most intimate suffering is also the most banal,” she observes at one point. At another, she admits she’s afraid that something “as potent as a song” will no longer be her and her husband’s anymore, but instead “everyone’s to share.” She vocalises her fears to displace them, to see past the pain of another of the insect’s many stings. As time builds without stopping, memory gets subsumed into the large fabric of history, losing not only its potency but its sanctity. It all goes; she is simply being reminded. By the end, Laura has had enough reminders; she’d “come to a limit; beyond it, the game was not hers anymore, nor was history.” She engaged with her wound, asked the questions, felt whatever arose. The limit is an invitation for her own deliverance. Taking the hint, she disappears.
Review of Chris Marker’s film “Level Five” (1996), 2022
On The Beach follows Young-hee, an actress, navigating the kind of pain thatâs crystallized by a fraught romance. In the wake of an affair with a married film director and the resulting social stigma, she leaves Seoul for Germany before coming back to South Korea, to the sea town of Gangneung. Despite her grief, Young-hee still engages with the world: she goes to a Hamburg bookstore and asks the owner to play music he composed, screams about dying graciously after too much sake, draws faces in sand on the beach before falling asleep in front of them. In the filmâs denouement, she has dinner with her old lover and his film crew as he happens to be in Gangneung on location, and what is typically a private affairâa maudlin reunion between the two participants of a brief and piercing loveâoccurs and unfolds quite publicly. But the encounter and its rigorous catharsis is tolerated by the others at the dinner not out of fear or politeness; it seems as if they all understand, are bearing witness to two things that are really quite common: loveâs sororal pain, and a womanâs anger.
As a straight woman, and like many straight women, Young-hee feels both desire and antipathy towards men (also straight). Drunk at the dinner with friends, she talks about the ones she met in Germany, how âinside theyâre the same. Men all want the same thingâ. Anger can lead to negligent generalizations, but after her reunion with the director, I wondered if you could really blame her. When she tells him, even if tinged with sarcasm, âThank you director, for everything. You loved me so much! So Iâm thankfulâ, he leans across the table and earnestly responds, âIt was because you were so prettyâ. âLetâs get rid of all the men, and love each other,â she tells her friend, a woman, at the earlier dinner, before they kiss for a long time. I know sheâs half-jokingâIâve heard various women in my life say some variation of the phraseâbut I wonder, too, about the real frustration it also emerges from: that women desire something that at best will strive to understand them, and at worst is generally responsible for their subjugation. I wonder too if this isnât more the kind of suffering that Young-hee is experiencing. What would it be like to want a man but not need one? What if itâs not about being chosen by her lover than it is about being free of the desire to be chosen by a man at all?
Itâs a deeper question emerging from a more meaningful suffering, one that is already taking her beyond her desire for The Director. When her friend asks her what made her stop at the edge of a bridge to drop in prayer, she says it was to determine what she wants: â[Itâs] to live in a way that suits me. To be strong, and whatever happens, live in my own way.â âOh,â her friend responds. âI thought you were missing that guy again.â She may still, but Young-hee knows too that loneliness is a fruitful condition, and by not denying it, sheâll reach the maturity needed to live according to her dictate. And the men will continue to appear, as they always do. Her task, like that of every woman, is learning to live with them, and sometimes, in spite of them.
Review of Hong Sang-sooâs film âOn the Beach at Night Aloneâ (2017), 2022
Again the mind Splits without notifying the body, Marooned and alert, hearing Echoes of its litany. Residue of Madness, that long education. Free of resentment it lets her rave, knowing No thought should be rejected nor Deposed. If so, they will return. One lesson Of many: there is always room at the table.
Think of him first. Desire to be expected. Safe is the benign option, to glean details like Souvenirs; a process that can stretch years. Craving should mostly be condemned: an Old belief reached in error, taught from Without, accepted in fear. Smart to sully what’s engrained. Say: I can sprint like desire too, have Battle acumen, and turn corners when I sense I may be felled. I Must challenge me. If not I move forward so slow I seem to linger. Besides: why should responsibility detain me? I may not soar if the ground gives out Beneath my feet, but now I won’t descend.
Then it comes into focus: Outside the bedroom window The smoke tree has finally bloomed Its plumes of gossamer. Meaning: The summer is nearing its close. Each day the heat thins. It’s Time that does this, the weathering. Adjacent birds speak as I greet the tree, Then my supine form. Hello, body. I Stretch you like a cat. Light fractured by lowered blinds Peppers the sheets.
âAlthough Lena is a traditional poet, Lucas and Laura are certainly visual ones (self-proclaimed too). And the true poet has faith. This faith persists despite many of them being dysthymic, as life gives all of us reason to be. Trauma, pain, poverty, life, may trick the poet into believing theyâve lost faith, or hope, or beauty, but they never do. These things never disappear, they only hide. Itâs people like Laura, or Lucas, or Lena, that go searching for themâfor the first time, or repeatedlyâand get illuminated in the process. Then they do or make things, afflatus-like, that illuminate others too.â
Excerpt from review of âthe body is a butter brainâ at Calaboose (Montreal) for Peripheral Review, 2019
The failure of words
Is not a sentence.
I can interpret with success but
To succeed doesn’t always mean
To understand.
I want to understand.
Heart or head you
Can’t have both.
You’ll have to excuse me!
This is not something
I have arrived at with ease
I find Truth in
Inferential processes that are So tied to straight
Thinking.
I can touch my tongue to the
Blade and make it wet.
Feeling is an axiom but
Only to me. Maybe I can
Wet your blade too
I believe in intuition, the ability
For me, and you, for
More than just us to dip into meaning, to
Share it. What if I can’t tell you or
Show you. What if you just have to
Trust me
(Baudrillard said this thing about the
Shroud of Turin: that
Regardless of its lack of veracity it
Was faith that gave it its
Authenticity)
In the heavy pause between
Encounters I am still connected to
you. Dolorous it may seem but.
You haven’t gone missing.
Grief and restriction only happens if
You think of body as requisite
For making contact
Look, I am just trying to give form to what lacks it but
I’m only realizing that it’s
Hard. Thankfully I know that
I don’t have to fill the gaps anymore. I’ve come to laud
Voids. A reverence for extended silence.
To induce stillness is an act. Not doing
Nothing. I guess I’m finally
Getting it
Poem to accompany “Wires webs veins nerves roots stems” at 8eleven (Toronto), 2018
We learn people as we do language. An intonation, a gasp of air, a long pause. What are these tiny details but revelations and obscurities at once. Lessons of the spirit. To try and reach the transcendent and fail, but in that failure find closeness. That’s fine. Connection, friendship, it’s the closest I’ll get to the divine.
Memories, like words, often evade me. They sit on the tip of my tongue and stay there until they fade; a simple reminder that they don’t belong to me. It’s times like these I need others to enlighten me. I prefer the tenderness of working together than confronting a burden alone. Besides, a memory that belongs to one person can only bear that name, but a shared memory can sometimes be called history.
I can’t describe to you when we met, or when we evolved beyond acquaintance. We meet several times, first in groups, then alone. Eventually I am surrounded by warmth. I don’t intellectualize this experience, but I pay attention.
There are parts of my friends’ souls that are kept. Each effort to access them is a barren one, but stubbornly, I’ll try again. They don’t know it, but I ache with every attempt, and when the pain is eventually alleviated its coupled memory loses its power. We all suffer from repeating ourselves, but some of us have better excuses. Another way to describe it is admitting defeat, and accepting the unknown with grace, then surrendering to the desire of wanting more.
I am ambitious and misguided. What did Cassavettes say? “Love is the act of not knowing.” He was right. My truest friends I will never understand completely. Their value is in their mystery.